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December birthstone--Tanzanite and Zircon

December birthstone--Tanzanite and Zircon

Dec 15, 2024

December is a month filled with celebration and cheer, and for those born in this month, Tanzanite and Zircon are their special birthstones. These two gemstones hold unique charm and significance, captivating the hearts of many with their beauty and allure.
I. Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a truly remarkable gemstone that has gained significant popularity in the world of jewelry. Discovered in 1967 in Tanzania, it is named after the country of its origin.
A. Geology and Formation
Tanzanite is a variety of zoisite, a calcium aluminium hydroxy sorosilicate mineral. It forms through a complex geological process. The unique blue-violet color of tanzanite is attributed to the presence of vanadium. The gemstone is typically found in the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania, in a relatively small mining area.
The formation of tanzanite is associated with the regional metamorphism and contact metamorphism of certain rock formations. The specific geological conditions, including temperature, pressure, and the presence of certain elements, contribute to the creation of this beautiful gem.
B. Physical Properties
  1. Color
Tanzanite is renowned for its stunning blue-violet to purple-blue hues. The color can range from a light pastel shade to a deep, rich tone. The most valuable tanzanites have a vivid and intense color. The gemstone's trichroism, meaning it shows three different colors when viewed from different angles, is another interesting characteristic. It can display blue, violet, and burgundy colors.
  1. Clarity
High-quality tanzanites are typically transparent to translucent. However, like most gemstones, tanzanite can contain inclusions, which are natural imperfections within the stone. The fewer the inclusions, the higher the clarity and value of the gemstone.
  1. Hardness
Tanzanite has a hardness of 6 to 7 on the Mohs scale. While this is relatively hard compared to some other materials, it still requires proper care to prevent scratches and damage.
  1. Specific Gravity
The specific gravity of tanzanite is around 3.35, which means it is relatively dense compared to some other gemstones.
C. Optical Properties
  1. Refractive Index
Tanzanite has a refractive index of around 1.69 to 1.70. This property contributes to its brilliance and sparkle when properly cut and polished.
  1. Dispersion
It also has a relatively high dispersion, which means it can split white light into its spectral colors, creating a beautiful play of colors.
D. Mining and Production
The mining of tanzanite is a challenging and labor-intensive process. The gemstone is found in only one place in the world, making it extremely rare. The mines in Tanzania are carefully managed to ensure sustainable mining practices.
Miners use traditional mining methods as well as modern technology to extract tanzanite. After extraction, the gemstones are sorted, cut, and polished to bring out their beauty.
E. Symbolism and Cultural Significance
Tanzanite is often associated with qualities such as elegance, sophistication, and uniqueness. It is considered a symbol of spiritual growth and transformation. In some cultures, tanzanite is believed to have healing properties and is used in alternative medicine practices.
The gemstone's rarity and beauty have made it a popular choice for engagement rings, necklaces, earrings, and other jewelry pieces. It is often given as a gift to mark special occasions such as anniversaries, birthdays, and graduations.
II. Zircon
Zircon is a versatile and ancient gemstone that has been cherished for centuries.
A. Geology and Formation
Zircon is a mineral composed of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO₄). It forms in a variety of geological environments, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Zircon crystals can be found in different colors due to the presence of trace elements.
The formation of zircon can occur through crystallization from magma, metamorphism of existing rocks, or weathering and sedimentation processes. Some zircons are very old, dating back billions of years, and are used by geologists to study the Earth's history.
B. Physical Properties
  1. Color
Zircon comes in a wide range of colors, including white, yellow, orange, red, brown, blue, and green. The color is determined by the presence of impurities such as uranium, thorium, and rare earth elements. Some zircons exhibit color change properties, depending on the lighting conditions.
  1. Clarity
Zircons can range from transparent to opaque. High-quality zircons are usually transparent with few inclusions. The clarity of a zircon can significantly affect its value.
  1. Hardness
Zircon has a hardness of 7.5 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively hard and durable. However, it is still susceptible to scratches and damage if not properly cared for.
  1. Specific Gravity
The specific gravity of zircon varies depending on its composition but is generally around 4.6 to 4.7.
C. Optical Properties
  1. Refractive Index
Zircon has a high refractive index, ranging from 1.92 to 1.98 for high-quality stones. This gives zircon a brilliant sparkle and makes it a popular choice for jewelry.
  1. Dispersion
Zircon also has a high dispersion, similar to diamond, which means it can split light into beautiful colors. This property contributes to its fire and attractiveness.
D. Mining and Production
Zircon is mined in many parts of the world, including Australia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. The mining process involves extracting the gemstone from the host rock using various methods such as open-pit mining and underground mining.
After mining, zircons are sorted based on their quality and color. They are then cut and polished to enhance their beauty and brilliance.
E. Symbolism and Cultural Significance
Zircon has been associated with various meanings and symbolism throughout history. In ancient times, it was believed to have protective powers and was used as a talisman. Zircon is also associated with purity, wisdom, and prosperity.
Today, zircon is widely used in jewelry making due to its affordability and beauty. It is often used as a substitute for more expensive gemstones such as diamond and sapphire.
III. Comparison between Tanzanite and Zircon
While both Tanzanite and Zircon are December birthstones, they have distinct characteristics that set them apart.
A. Color
Tanzanite is known for its unique blue-violet color, while zircon comes in a wide variety of colors. Tanzanite's color is more specific and less common, making it highly sought after. Zircon's color range allows for more options in jewelry design.
B. Rarity
Tanzanite is extremely rare as it is found only in one location in Tanzania. Zircon, on the other hand, is more widely available, although high-quality zircons can still be relatively rare.
C. Hardness
Zircon is slightly harder than tanzanite, which means it may be more durable in some applications. However, both gemstones require proper care to maintain their beauty.
D. Price
Due to its rarity and unique color, tanzanite is generally more expensive than zircon. However, the price of both gemstones can vary depending on factors such as quality, size, and cut.
IV. Jewelry Applications
Both Tanzanite and Zircon are popular choices for jewelry making.
A. Rings
Tanzanite and zircon rings are a beautiful way to celebrate a December birthday or mark a special occasion. They can be set in various metals such as gold, platinum, and silver, and can be designed in different styles, from classic solitaires to elaborate halo settings.
B. Necklaces and Pendants
These gemstones can be used to create stunning necklaces and pendants. Tanzanite pendants are often the centerpiece of a necklace, while zircon can be used as accents or in cluster designs.
C. Earrings
Tanzanite and zircon earrings add a touch of elegance and sparkle to any outfit. They can be in the form of studs, dangles, or hoops, and can be paired with other gemstones for a more dramatic effect.
D. Bracelets
Gemstone bracelets featuring tanzanite and zircon are a stylish accessory. They can be made with single stones or in combination with other gemstones and metals.
V. Care and Maintenance
To keep Tanzanite and Zircon looking their best, proper care and maintenance are essential.
A. Cleaning
Both gemstones can be cleaned using a mild soap and warm water. Avoid using harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners, as they can damage the stones. Gently scrub the gemstones with a soft brush and rinse thoroughly.
B. Storage
Store tanzanite and zircon jewelry in a soft pouch or jewelry box to prevent scratches. Avoid storing them with other hard gemstones or metals that can cause damage.
C. Avoiding Harsh Conditions
Remove jewelry when engaging in activities that may expose it to harsh chemicals, extreme temperatures, or physical stress. This will help prolong the life of the gemstones.
In conclusion, Tanzanite and Zircon are two beautiful and unique birthstones for December. Each gemstone has its own distinct characteristics, from their colors and physical properties to their cultural significance and jewelry applications. Whether given as a gift or worn as a personal statement, these gemstones are sure to bring joy and beauty to those born in December. With proper care and maintenance, they can be cherished for a lifetime.